First of all, let’s understand the TABLEAU public. Tableau Public is Tableau software's free alternative.  There are two flavors of Tableau Public.

1. Tableau Public (Server): is the free version of Tableau Server that is hosted by Tableau Software in the cloud. This product is MOSTLY two: As free, it needs everyone's access to all workbooks and information. As far as an information source is CONCERNED, all excerpts should be made and there is 1 million rows limit. 
2. Tableau Public(desktop): is a free variant of the tableau desktop or a limited course like workbooks, which can only be saved to the public Tableau (server) and connects only to local information.

You need to build a Tableau Public account here and download the Desktop (Tableau Public) to work with Tableau Public. With a Tableau Desktop user license, you can create data visualization and publish it on Tableau Public, but it is always REQUIRED to be an excerpt with restrictions on the number of rows and data sources.

Now, we have understood Tableau Public so we can move on to the Permission part. The response is no. Everyone on the internet can access all of the material saved to Tableau Public. The only person who can remove your own material, you are the author, but everyone can view it on the internet. In addition to watching it, everyone can upload and create on your initial copy of your workbook (including the underlying information). Your Tableau Public data is now available throughout the world and can be downloaded by anybody. We highly propose that you only publish information that you are prepared to share. Tableau Public can CONNECT to Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access, and multiple text file formats. It has a limit of 1,000,000 rows of data that is allowed in one file.