i) A colloid is a heterogeneous system in which one substance called a dispersed phase is dispersed as very fine particles in another substance called a dispersion medium. The particles in a colloid are larger than simple molecules but small enough to remain suspended. The diameter of colloidal particles ranges between 1nm and 1000 nm.

ii)
1) Electrical precipitation of smoke using Cottrell smoke precipitator- Smoke is a colloid of solid particles such as carbon, arsenic compounds, dust etc., in air. These particles are precipitated using high voltage electrodes.

2) Purification of drinking water – The suspended impurities present in water obtained from natural sources is coagulated by adding alum and is made fit for drinking purposes.

3) Medicines – Most of the medicines are colloidal in nature. Colloidal medicines are more effective because they have large surface area and are therefore easily assimilated.

4) In the rubber industry – Rubber latex is a colloid of negatively charged rubber particles which is coagulated to rubber by adding formic acid.