| X-chromosome | Y-chromosome |
| 1. X-chromosome is straight, rod like and longer 1. than Y chromosome. It is metacentric. | 1. Y-chromosome is shorter chromosome which is acrocentric. |
| 2. X-chromosome has large amount of euchromatin and small amount of heterochromatin. | 2. Y-chromosome has small amount of euchromatin and large amount of heterochromatin. |
| 3. X-chromosome has large amount of DNA, hence it is genetically active due to more genes. | 3. Y-chromosome has less amount of DNA, hence it is genetically less active or inert due to lesser genes. |
| 4. Nonhomologous region of Xchromosome is longer and contain | 4. Non-homologous region of Ychromosome is shorter and contains lesser genes. |
| 5. Contains Xlinked genes on non-homologous region. | 5. Contains Y-linked genes on nonhomologous region. |
| 6. X-chromosome is present in men as well as women. | 6. Y-chromosome is present only in men. |
