Android is an open-sourced operating system founded by Andy Rubin. It is a Linux-based operating system that allows developers to develop and run apps that can perform both basic and ADVANCED functions.

Android application architecture has the list of components given below. They are as follows:

• Services − It will be used to perform background functionalities.
• Activities - It is a single screen that represents GUI(Graphical User Interface) with which users can interact in order to do something like dial the phone, view email, ETC.
• Broadcast receivers - Broadcast receiver is a mechanism used for listening to system-level events like listening for incoming calls, SMS, etc. by the host application.
• Content providers − This will share the data between various applications.

We need Android in the MOBILE market because it helps smartphone users to download applications that can give different services.

Android developers can publish their apps on different platforms like SlideME, Mobango, Amazon app store, Opera mobile store, etc. Most of these platforms or markets are free. Such platforms are CREATING a huge market for Android mobile application development in India.

• Open-source: It means no license, development, and distribution fee.
• Platform-independent: Android development platform(Android studio & Android SDK) is platform-independent. Android applications can be developed on any operating system with the help of Android studio & Android SDK.
• Highly optimized virtual machine: Android uses a highly optimized virtual machine i.e, DVM (Dalvik Virtual Machine) for mobile devices. Replacing DVM, ART(Android RunTime) virtual machine was INTRODUCED to execute android apps from Android lollipop 5.0 version (API level 21).
• Supports various technologies: It supports camera, speech, BlueTooth, Wifi, EDGE, etc. technologies.
• Millions of available apps: Millions of Android apps are available that you can install on the device from the Google Play store as well as from other alternative stores.

• Fake applications: There are thousands of fake applications available on the market, which when installed may try to steal your data.
• Streamlining issues:
  • There are various kinds of Android devices available in the market with different screen sizes and dimensions, but more importantly, different Android operating systems.
  • An application that runs smoothly on one version of the Android OS might crash on another Android OS.
• Background processes:
  • In the older version of Android, most applications always run in the background and come to the foreground as they wish. From the Android 8.0 version, apps that are running in the background now have limits on how freely they can access background services.
  • As few apps run in the background, they consume mobile battery and your device battery vanishes quickly.
• Poor data connection: Android phones have a large number of background processes that keep on running in the background and it results in excess usage of data and poor internet speed. Sometimes it can be very annoying.