Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : National emergency
The correct answer is National Emergency. - Suspension of other Fundamental Rights is enumerated Under Article 359, the President is authorized to suspend, by order, the right to move any court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights during a National Emergency.
- Thus, remedial measures are suspended and not the Fundamental Rights.
- The suspension of enforcement relates to only those Fundamental Rights that are specified in the Presidential Order.
- The suspension could be for the period during the operation of an emergency or for a shorter period.
- The Order should be laid before each House of Parliament for approval.
- The 44 Amendment Act mandates that the President cannot suspend the right to move the court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Articles 20 and 21.
- The emergency provisions are contained in Part XVIII of the Constitution of India, from Articles 352 to 360.
- These provisions enable the Central government to meet any abnormal situation effectively.
- The rationality behind the incorporation is to safeguard the sovereignty, unity, integrity, and security of the country, the democratic political system, and the Constitution.
- The constitution stipulates three types of emergencies-
- National Emergency enumerated Under Article 352
- Constitutional Emergency enumerated Under Article 356
- Financial Emergency enumerated Under Article 360
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