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Define Avogadro's hypothesis. Give an example that illustrate it. |
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Answer» Avogadro's hypothesis: Under similar conditions of pressure and temperature, equal volumes of gases contain equal number of molecules. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl 1 vol 1 vol 2 vol n molecules n molecules 2n molecules (By Avogadro's law) 1/2 molecules 1/2 molecules 1 molecules (By dividing throughout by 2n) It implies that one molecule of hydrogen chloride gas is made up of 1/2 molecule of hydrogen and 1/2 molecule of chlorine. Since a molecule is made up of two or more atoms, so 1/2 molecule is possible and may contain one or two atoms. Thus, this result does not contradict Dalton's atomic theory. |
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