Nationalism is an ideology and movement characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty (self-governance) over its homeland.The rise of nationalism in Europe initiated with the Spring of Nations in 1848. According to Leon- Baradat, nationalism calls on people to identify with the interests of their national group and to support the creation of a state – a nation-state – to support those interests. Nationalism was the ideological impetus that, in a few decades, TRANSFORMED Europe. Rule by monarchies and foreign control of territory was replaced by self-determination and newly formed national governments. [1] Some countries, such as Germany and Italy were formed by uniting various regional states with a common "national identity". Others, such as GREECE, Serbia, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria, were formed by UPRISINGS against the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire. ...PLEASE MARK IT A BRAINLIST