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Derive ideal gas equation PV = nRT. |
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Answer» 1. The relation between three variables of a gas i.e., pressure, volume and absolute temperature is called as ideal gas equation. From Boyle’s law, V ∝ \(\frac{T}{P}\), at constant temperature ….(1) From Charles’ law, V ∝ T, at constant pressure … .(2) 2. Combining equations (1) and (2) we get, ∴ V ∝ \(\frac{T}{P}\) ∴ \(\frac{PV}{T}\) = constant 3. For one mole of a gas, \(\frac{PV}{T}\) = R or PV = RT … (3) where R is the constant of proportionality. 4. Equation (3) is called ideal gas equation. The value of constant R is same for all gases. Therefore, R is called as universal gas constant. R = 8.31 JK-1mol-1. 5. For ‘n’ moles of gas, i.e. if the gas contains ‘n’ moles, equation (3) can be written as, PV = nRT |
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