Biotechnology:-

Biotechnology is the integrated use of biochemistry, microbiology and engineering science in order to achieve technological (industrial) application of the capabilities of micro organisms, cultured tissues/cells and part there.

Biotechnology mainly deals with industrial scale production of biopharma ceuticals and biologicals using genetically modified microbes, fungi, plants and animals. The Application of biotechnology include.

(i) Therapeutics 

(ii) diagnotics 

(iii) genetically modified crops for agriculture 

(iv) processed food 

(v) bioremediation 

(vi) waste treatment and 

(vii) energy production

Research Areas of Biotechnology:-

(i) Catalyst, 

(ii) Optimum conditions, 

(iii) Downstream Processing

Biotechnological Application in Agriculture:-

Options to increase the Food production. There are three options to increase the food production.

(i) Agrochemical based Agriculture:- 

The Green Revolution succeeded in increasing the yield of crops mainly due to.

(a) Use of improved varieties of crops and 

(b) Use of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides)

(ii) Organic Agriculture of Organic Farming:-

In the organic farming, farmers use manure, biofertilizers, biopesticides and biocontrols to increase the crop production instead of using artificial fertilizers and pesticides.

(iii) Genetically Engineered Crop-based:-

Agriculture:- The organic farming cannot increase the field of crop to appreciable degree. The solution of this problem is use of genetically modified crops. Genes use of plants, bacteria, fungi and animals have been changed by manipulations, therefore, these organims are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The behaviour of a GMOs depend on the nature of genes transferred nature of host plants, bacterium and animal. Food was also plays some role.