1.

Describe the general trends in the following properties of the elements in Groups-14 Oxidation states

Answer»

Solution :Oxidation STATES : The common oxidation states exhibited by these elements are +4 and +2. Carbon also exhibits negative oxidation states.
Since, the sum of the first four ionization enthalpies is very high, compounds in +4 oxidation state are generally covalent in nature. In heavier members, the tendency to show +2 oxidation state increases in the sequence `Ge lt Sn lt Pb`. It is due to the INABILITY of `ns^2` electrons of valence SHELL to participate in bonding.
The relative stabilities of these two oxidation states VARY down the group. Carbon and silicon MOSTLY show +4 oxidation state. Germanium forms stable compounds in +4 state and only few compounds in +2 state.


Discussion

No Comment Found