s orbital

p orbital

S-orbital: Boundary surface diagram for s orbital looks like a sphere having the nucleus as its center which in two dimensions can be seen as a circle. Hence, we can say that s-orbitals are spherically symmetric having the probability of finding theelectronat a given distance equal in all the directions. The size of the s orbital is also found to increase with the increase in the value of principal quantum number (n), thus, 4s > 3s> 2s > 1s.P-orbitals: Each p orbital consists of two sections better known as lobes which lie on either side of the plane passing through the nucleus. The three p orbitals differ in the way the lobes are oriented whereas they are identical in terms of size shape and energy. As the lobes lie along one of the x, y or z-axis, these three orbitals are given the designations 2px, 2py, and 2pz. Thus, we can say that there are three p orbitals whose axes are mutually perpendicular. Similar to s orbitals, size, and energy of p orbitals increase with an increase in the principal quantum number (4p > 3p > 2p).