Following are the steps involved in tissue culture techniques in plants:

(i) Proper explants is excised from the plant which may be a cell, tissue or a piece of plant organ. After surface sterilization of the explants by disinfectants it is transferred (inoculated) into a suitable nutrient medium.

(ii) The culture is grown in tissue culture room having appropriate physical condition, temperature and humidity.

(iii) Callus, an organized mass of cells is produced due to growth of the explants. It develops due to proliferation of cells from explants because of mitosis.

(iv) Growth hormones like auxins and cytokinins in proper proportion are provided to the callus to induce formation of organs (organogenesis). Usually, an excess of auxin promotes root culture where as that of cytokinin promotes shoot culture. The tissue or cell multiplies and then form plantlets.

(v) Next step is hardening by which the plantlets are gradually exposed to environmental conditions. After hardening the plantlets are transferred to field conditions.