1.

Difference between Hard Bases and Soft Bases.

Answer»

Hard Bases : 

(i) The ligands which preferably combine with hard acids are called hard bases. 

Ex: NH3, R3N, H2O and F etc. 

(ii) Hard bases (ligands) are also small, not very polarisable and having high electronegativity.

Soft Bases : 

(i) The ligands which preferably combine with soft acids are called soft bases. 

Ex: R3P (phospines), R2S (thioethers), CO, CN,  H etc. 

(ii) Soft bases (ligands) are large sized, more polarisable and having low electronegativity.



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