the Biosphere Programme is an intergovernmental SCIENTIFIC programme, launched in 1971 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their environmentsA sanctuary, in its original meaning, is a sacred place, such as a shrine. By the use of such places as a haven, by extension the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be categorized into human sanctuary, a safe place for humans, such as a political sanctuary; and non-human sanctuary, such as an animal or plant sanctuary.A national park is a park in use for conservationpurposes. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or OWNS. Although individual nations designate their own national parks differently, there is a common idea: the conservation of 'wild nature' for posterity and as a symbol of national pride.[1] An international organization, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and its World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA), has defined "National Park" as its Category II type of protected areas.A zoo (also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which all animals are housed within enclosures, displayed to the public, and in which they may also breed.The term "ZOOLOGICAL garden" refers to ZOOLOGY, the study of animals, a term deriving from the Greek'zoion, "animal," and logia, "study.". The abbreviation "zoo" was first used of the London Zoological Gardens, which was opened for scientific study in 1828 and to the public in 1857.[1] In the United Statesalone, zoos are VISITED by over 180 million people annually.