1.

Discuss about the Biofertilizers.

Answer»
  • Chemical fertilizers major pollutant. 
  • Switch to organic farming and use of biofertilizers need of the time. 
  • Main sources of biofertilizers. Bacteria, Fungi & Cyanobacteria. Eg Rhizobium present in roots of leguminious plants fix atmospheric nitrogen into usable organic form. Azospirillium and Azotobacter – free living bacteria – fix atmospheric Nitrogen.
  • Symbiotic Associations Eg.Genus Glomus sp. form mycorrhiza. 
  • Fungal symbiont absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to plant.
  • Plants show resistance to root – borne pathogens. 
  • Tolerance to salinity and drought.
  • Increase in growth and development. 
  • Cynobacteria– autotrophic – fix atmospheric nitrogen Eg. e.g. Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria.
  • Blue green algae – increase fertility by adding organic matter


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