Henri Fayol’s Principles of Management:

(i) Division of Work: Division of work refers to dividing the work into compact jobs and allocating these compact jobs to different individuals.

• Fayol recommended that work of all kinds must be divided and allocated as per competence, qualification and experience. The intent of division of work is to produce more and better work for the same effort.

(ii) Authority and Responsibility: According to this principle, there should be a proper balance between authority and responsibility.

• Authority is the right to give orders to subordinates and responsibility is the duty, which a subordinate is expected to perform by virtue of his position in organisation. Authority and responsibility go hand in hand.

(iii) Discipline: Discipline refers to obedience to rules and regulations of the organisation, which is necessary for systematic working of the organisation.

• According to Fayol, discipline requires good supervision at all levels, clear and fair agreement regarding rules and judicious application of penalties.

(iv) Unity of Command: According to this principles, each subordinates should receives orders and be accountable to one and only one superior.

• If a subordinates receives orders from more than one superior, he will find it extremely difficult to decide as to whom he has to obey first.

(v) Unity of Direction: Unity of Direction implies that there should be one head and one plan for group of activities having same objectives.

• According to this principle, all the units of an organisation should be moving towards the same objectives through coordinated and focussed efforts.