Population is a major challenges for the sustainable development. In the beginning of the 21^st century the population of the Earth reached 6 billion and is expected to level out between 10 and 11 billion over the next to years.

• Poverty: Almost 25 percent of the world’s population lives on less than one meal a day. It needs to be addressed. 
• Inequality: Inequality continues to be a serious obstacle to sustainable development with the number of people suffering from under nourishment. 
• Shortage of drinking water: It is expected that at the current rate of development, every second person will suffer from water shortage by the year 2025. 
• Human health: The imminent task is to reduce the death rate among children under five years of age by two-thirds and the death rate of young mothers by 75 percent by 2015. 
• Consumption of Energy: Sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources is required. 
• Deforestation: Improving the recovery and management of the forests will be of utmost importance. 
• Petrol Consumption: The decisions of the ‘KYOTO Protocol’ for reaching an agreement on emissions norms for greenhouse gases in developed countries.