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Discuss the factors affecting acid strength by examples. |
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Answer» Solution :At experimentally, the strength of acid base decided by the value of pH . Theoretically the extent of DISSOCIATION of an acid depends on the strength and polarity of the H-A bond i.e. `[H^+]` and strength will be decide. (i) When strength of H-A bond decreases,that is , the energy required to break bond decreases, HA becomes a stronger acid. (ii)When the H-A bond becomes more polar , i.e. the electronegativity difference between the ATOMS H and A INCREASES and there is marked charge separation , clavate of the bond becomes easier there by increasing the acidic . Thus, polarity of bond `alpha` difference of electronegativity `alpha` Acidity. (iii)The strength of H-A in only one period : In the row of the periodic table,H-A bond polarity becomes the deciding FACTOR for determining the acid strength . As the electronegativity of a increases, the strength of acid also increases. For example, `to` Electronegativity A increases `to CH_4 lt NH_3 lt H_2O lt HF to` Acid strength increases `to` The acidic strength in GROUP : In the group of the periodic table , H-A bond strength is a more important factor in determining acidity than its polar nature . As the size of A increasesdown the group. H-A bond strength decreases and so the acid strength increases. For example , `to` Size increases of A `to HF lt lt HCl lt lt HBr lt lt HI to` Acid strength increases `to` |
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