(a) Eco Efficiency : These are those technologies which help us to increase the productivity in less time. These also lower the cost that is involved in the production of the goods, products and services. In this, high efficiency production methods and technologies are used. Eco efficient technologies preserve natural resources, it also improve the industrial efficiency and the economic development. Conceptually, Eco efficient technology is a “cleaner approach”. Eco efficiency provides both environmental and economic benefits through production efficiency. 

• It increase the resource productivity 

• Reduce the material and energy usage 

• Reduce pollution 

• Increase service intensity of goods and services 

• Improve recyclability of materials 

Eco-Friendly Technology : This technology can help to preserve the environment through energy efficiency and reducing the harmful waste. It does not have any negative effect on ecology or on the natural environment. This technology mainly involves reduction in the usage amount of raw material and energy. It also reduce pollution, recycle material. By using renewable material it ensure that goods are durable and judicious and we should use these resources by keeping in mind their effects on the future. 

Role of Eco-efficiency and Eco-friendly technology : 

• Adoption of efficient and eco-friendly technologies helps in achieving sustainable development. 

• Use of solar cooker, solar heaters, solar cells and bio-gas plants leads to saving of energy. 

• Greater use of fuel cells and alternative fuels like hydrogen, ethanol etc. can save natural resources. 

• We should tap solar energy and hydel energy, nuclear energy etc. for development in sustained manner. 

• They improved recyclability of materials.