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Answer» (a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration | Anaerobic respiration | It uses oxygen for deriving energy. | 1. | It occurs in the absence of oxygen. | It occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria. | 2. | It occurs in cytoplasm. | The end products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water. | 3. | The end products of fermentation are ethyl alcohol and carbon-dioxide. | Complete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place. | 4. | Incomplete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place. | 36-38 ATP molecules are produced. | 5. | Only 2 ATP molecules are produced. |
(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation Glycolysis | Fermentation | Glycolysis occurs during aerobic and anaerobic respiration. | 1. | Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration. | Pyruvic acid is produced as its end product. | 2. | Ethanol or lactic acid is produced as its end product. |
(c) Glycolysis and citric acid cycle Glycolysis | Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) | It is a linear pathway. | 1. | It is a cyclic pathway. | It occurs in the cell cytoplasm. | 2. | It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. | It occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. | 3. | It occurs in aerobic respiration. | One glucose molecule breaks down to generate 2 NADH2 and 2 ATP molecules. | 4. | It produces 6 NADH2, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP molecules on breakdown of two acetyl-coA molecules. |
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