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Explain about sp^(3)d^(2) hybridisation with an example. |
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Answer» Solution :(i) In sulphur hexafluoride `SF_(6),` the central atom sulphur EXTEND its octet to UNDERGO `sp^(3)d^(2)` hybridisation to generate six `sp^(3)d^(2)` hybridised orbitals which accounts for six equivalent S - F bonds. (ii)he ground state electronic configuration of sulphur is `[Ne]3s^(2)" "3p_(x)^(1)" "3p_(x)^(1)" "3p_(x)^(1)" "3p_(z)^(1)`  (iii) One electron cach form 3s ORBITAL and 3p orbital of sulphur is promoted to its two vacant 3d orbitals `d_(z)2 and d_(x)2_(-y)2` in the excited state.  (iv) A toal of six valence orbitals from sulphur (one 3s orbital. three 3p orbitals and two 3dorbitals) `(d_(z2)and d_(x)2_(-y)2)` which MIXES to give six equivalen `sp^(3) d^(2)` hybridised orbitals. The orbital geometry is octahedral. (v) The six`sp^93)d^(2)` hybridised orbitals of sulphur overlaps LINEARLY with `2p_(z)` orbital of six fuorine atoms to form the six S-F bonds in sulphur hexafluoride. 
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