1.

Explain, giving one example, how co-extinction is one of the causes of loss of biodiversity. List the three other causes also (without description).

Answer»

When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory may also become extinct. This is called co-extinction. For example, when a host fish species becomes extinct, its unique assemblage of parasites also becomes extinct. 

The three other causes are: 

(i) Habitat loss and fragmentation 

(ii) Over-exploitation 

(iii) Alien species invasion.



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