Answer:

(a) Physical

(b) Biological

(c) Social

(a) The Physical Constituent of environment includes soil, water, air, climate, temperature, light etc. These are also CALLED abiotic constituents of the environment. This part of the environment mainly determines the type of the habitat or living conditions of the human population. This physical constituent of the environment is again divided into three parts.

These are:

(i) ATMOSPHERE (gas)

(ii) Hydrosphere (liquid)

(iii) Lithosphere (SOLID)

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These three parts represent the three important states of matter constituting the environment. This physical component of environment only consists of non-living things like air, water and soil. All these non­living things influence much to all living organisms including man. Water and temperature are the most important abiotic components affecting living beings. Larger proportion of body’s weight is due to water.

All living organisms require water for their SURVIVAL. Besides water is the main vital fluid to keep optimum temperature of the body. All life activates work in a particular range of temperature. When temperature will be in excess of necessity, living beings will die.

Air is main physical component which provides oxygen for respiration. All living beings including plants & animals require oxygen for their existence. Oxygen is taken into the body by respiration process and COMES out in from of carbon dioxide.

(b) The biological constituent of environment is also called biotic component of environment. This component consists of all living things like plants, animals and small micro-organisms like bacteria. This component interacts with the abiotic component of the environment. This interaction of two components forms various ecosystems like pond ecosystem, marine ecosystem, desert ecosystem etc.

The self sufficient large ecosystem of the earth is called Biosphere. All ecosystems consist of three different types of living organisms.

These three types are named as:

(a) Producers

(b) Consumers

(c) Decomposers.