| 1. |
Explain in detail types of fruits. |
|
Answer» 1. Fruits which develop from one ovary of one flower are called as simple fruits. 2. Types of simple fruits on the basis of their pericarp: a. Dry fruits: These fruits have thin pericarp. It is further divided into two types: 1. Dehiscent dry fruits: Pericarp becomes dry, thin and fruit opens at maturity, e.g. Capsule (Lady’s finger) and legume (Pea) 2. Indehiscent dry fruits: Fruit does not open. e.g. Achene (Mirabilis), Caryopsis (Maize) and Cypsela (Sunflower) b. Fleshy fruits: These fruits have thick pericarp. It is further divided into two types based on nature endocarp: 1. Drupe: In these fruits, endocarp is hard and stony, e.g. Mango 2. Berry: In these fruits, endocarp is fleshy and fruit is many seeded, e.g. Tomato The fruit which develops from a single flower with many ovaries of polycarpellary, apocarpous gynoecium is known as aggregate fruit or etaerio. Types of aggregate fruits: Etario of achenes (e.g. Strawberry), etario of berries (e.g. Custard apple), etario of follicles (e.g. Calotropis) 1. The fruits which develop from many ovaries of many flowers of a complete inflorescence are called composite fruits, (e.g. fig) and from catkin inflorescence are called sorosis (e.g. Pineapple). 2. Fruits which develops from hypanthodium inflorescence are called syconus. |
|