1.

Explain in detail types of fruits.

Answer»

1. Fruits which develop from one ovary of one flower are called as simple fruits. 

2. Types of simple fruits on the basis of their pericarp: 

a. Dry fruits: These fruits have thin pericarp. 

It is further divided into two types:

1. Dehiscent dry fruits: Pericarp becomes dry, thin and fruit opens at maturity, e.g. Capsule (Lady’s finger) and legume (Pea) 

2. Indehiscent dry fruits: Fruit does not open. e.g. Achene (Mirabilis), Caryopsis (Maize) and Cypsela (Sunflower) 

b. Fleshy fruits: These fruits have thick pericarp. 

It is further divided into two types based on nature endocarp: 

1. Drupe: In these fruits, endocarp is hard and stony, e.g. Mango 

2. Berry: In these fruits, endocarp is fleshy and fruit is many seeded, e.g. Tomato The fruit which develops from a single flower with many ovaries of polycarpellary, apocarpous gynoecium is known as aggregate fruit or etaerio. 

Types of aggregate fruits: 

Etario of achenes (e.g. Strawberry), etario of berries (e.g. Custard apple), etario of follicles (e.g. Calotropis) 

1. The fruits which develop from many ovaries of many flowers of a complete inflorescence are called composite fruits, (e.g. fig) and from catkin inflorescence are called sorosis (e.g. Pineapple). 

2. Fruits which develops from hypanthodium inflorescence are called syconus.



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