The objective of every economic system is to provide the facility of prosperous and comfortable (joyful) life to its citizens. These economic systems are making all-out efforts to achieve economic prosperity. This compulsion has given rise to many inventions, found many sources of economic means and increased production many times over. In the race for economic prosperity, some countries surged ahead while some lagged behind. However the very prosperous ‘ economies and very backward economies have their own specific problems. To resolve these problems, capitalism and communist ideology flourished in the western countries. Capitalism does not exist in its original form anywhere in the world, and communism and socialism changed many forms and has now almost vanished from the world map. 

Capitalism stands on four principles :

1. Struggle for existence 

2. Survival of existence 

3. Exploitation of nature 

4. Individual rights

According to Upadhyay, capitalism developed on the basis of these four principles. Adam Smith writes at one place “Never do good for others, and if at all you want to do good to others, do it when by doing this you derive some benefit.” Keynes said, “ If in the coming hundred generations truth is not useful and if falsehood is suitable, then we should accept the truth to be false and falsehood to be the truth. The hunger for earning more and more wealth, the race for earning more and more profit and the skills needed for this are our gods for some time to come.”

The thoughts of Adam Smith and Keynes, due to the propounding of principles like ‘struggle for existence’ and ‘survival for existence’, have made life in capitalist countries very competitive. Every man, for the fear of lagging behind others, began working day and night like a machine, which resulted in ailments like high blood pressure, hypertension, heart problems, etc becoming increasingly common in life.