Deposits of petroleum are found in the Brahmaputra and Surma basins of Assam, Sunderbans Delta in West Bengal, east coast of Odisha, Surashtra & Rajasthan, terai belt of Himalaya, mid-Gujarat, Mumbai Basin ,Godavari and Cauveri Delta, etc. About 90% of total petroleum production comes from Maharashtra, Assam, Gujarat and Rajasthan. The crude oil is sent to 24 large refineries through pipelines.

Some of the refineries are at Guwahati, Barauni, Vadodara, Haldia, Mathura, Digboi and Jamnagar. Deposits of natural gas are in Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh. Natural gas production in India is managed by the public sector company Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC). This company provides natural gas for electricity generation (38%), fertilizer production (33%), and to other industries and for domestic fuel, country’s 91% production of natural gas comes from Maharashtra (71%), Gujarat (11%), Assam (7%) and Rajasthan (2%).