1.

Explain the canal irrigation in India.

Answer»

India has one of the largest canal systems of the world. Canals are the second largest source of irrigation in the country. 

Canals are of two types :

1. Inundation canals : taken out directly from rivers, without making any barrage or dam. 

2. Perennial canals : which are taken out from the reservoirs by constructing barrage or weir to regulate the flow of water.

  • Canal irrigation is widely practiced in the Sutlej Gangas plains and the deltas of the peninsular rivers. 
  • Nearly 79% of India’s canals irrigated area lies in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh,Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh etc. 
  • Uttar Pradesh ranks first in India where canal irrigation is most extensive. 
  • Canal irrigation suffers from a number of draw-backs such as water logging, increase in water table, alkalinity of soils due to capillary action etc.


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