Explain the following:(i) The π-complexes are known for transition el

1.	Explain the following:(i) The π-complexes are known for transition elements only.(ii) Nickel(II) does not form low spin octahedral complexes.(iii) [Fe(CN)6]4– and [Fe(H2O)6]2+ are of different colours in dilute solutions.
Answer» (i) This is because the transition metals have empty d-orbitals into which the electron pairs can be denoted by ligands containing and electrons, e.g., C₆H₆ , C₂H₄etc. (ii) As only one inner d-orbital is available in nickel for bonding in the presence of strong ligand, e.g., CO., CN. (iii) In both the complexes, Fe is in +2 oxide state with d⁶configuration. As the ligands CN and H₂O possess different crystal field splitting energy (∆O), they absorb different components of visible light for d-d transition. Hence, the transmitted colours are different in dilute solutions.

Explain the following:(i) The π-complexes are known for transition elements only.(ii) Nickel(II) does not form low spin octahedral complexes.(iii) [Fe(CN)6]4– and [Fe(H2O)6]2+ are of different colours in dilute solutions.

Answer»

(i) This is because the transition metals have empty d-orbitals into which the electron pairs can be denoted by ligands containing and electrons, e.g., C₆H₆ , C₂H₄etc. (ii) As only one inner d-orbital is available in nickel for bonding in the presence of strong ligand, e.g., CO., CN.

(iii) In both the complexes, Fe is in +2 oxide state with d⁶configuration. As the ligands CN and H₂O possess different crystal field splitting energy (∆O), they absorb different components of visible light for d-d transition. Hence, the transmitted colours are different in dilute solutions.

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