Saved Bookmarks
| 1. |
Explain the industrial method for the preparation of ammonia |
|
Answer» Industrial production of ammonia gas is carried out by Habers process. In this method, dihydrogen and dinitrogen gases are mixed in 3:1 proportion by volume and then passed over iron CATALYST at 200-300 bars of pressure. A temperature of about 773 K is MAINTAINED during this reaction. Substances like Al_2O_3, K_2OAl 2
O 3
,K 2
O are added to increase the efficiency of the catalyst. Hence, they are called propmoters. By cooling the reaction mixture at a temperature lower than 273 K, ammonia can be separated from the unreacted N_2N 2
and H_2H 2
gases. Thus, ammonia is obtained in the liquid form and N_2N 2
and H_2H 2
remain without reaction and can be used again to take part in the reaction. N_2(g)+3H_2(g) \xrightarrow [200-300 bar / Fe ]{773K} 2NH_3(g) + heatN 2
(g)+3H 2
(g) 773K 200−300bar/Fe
2NH 3
(g)+heat Physical properties of ammonia: Ammonia is a colourless gas. It possesses a very intensive smell, causing irritation in the nose and the eyes. |
|