(i) An SMS alert is a service by which an SMS is sent to someone to alert him of an event.

From case to case, the SMS alert is set up based on a specific request of the recipient who will specify’ an alert threshold (stock exchange prices for instance) or it is directly sent out by a company (overdraft situation, flight delays, etc.).

(ii) Fayol believed that all employees of his company, from the foremen to the CEO. should receive some type of managerial training. He developed a list of principles of management. He believed that there were more than fourteen of them, but chose to focus on those he found to be the most useful in his own career. 

The fourteen principles that Fayol concentrated on were:

• Division of Work 

• Authority’ & Responsibility 

• Discipline 

• Principle of One Boss 

• Unity of direction 

• Subordination of individual interests to the general interest 

• Fair Remuneration 

• Centralization & Decentralization 

• Scalar chain 

• Order 

• Equity 

• Stability of tenure of personnel 

• Initiative 

• Esprit de corps (building harmony and unity)