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Explain the mechanism of halogenation or chlorination of benzene. |
Answer» Solution :Halogenation : Benzene reacts with chlorine in the PRESENCEOF `FeCl_(3)` or `AlCl_(3)` to form chlorobenzene. Mechanism : this involvesthe following steps: steps 1 : Generation of ELECTROPHILE `Cl - Cl + FeCl_(3) rarr Cl^(+) + FeCl_(4)^(-)` Steps 2 : The electrophile `Cl^(+)` attacks benzene ring to form a carbon CATION which is resonance stabilised.  Loss of proton to give chlorobenzene. The proton is removed by `FeCl_(4)`. 
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