Saved Bookmarks
| 1. |
Explain the mechanism of nitration of benzene . |
Answer» Solution :NITRATION BENZENE reacts with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid at `50^(@)`C to form nitrobenzene. Mechanism: This involves the following steps. STEP 1 : GENERATION of electrophile nitronium ion `NO_(2)^(+)` `HNO_(3) + 2H_(2)SO_(4) rarr NO_(2)^(+) + H_(2)O^(+) + 2HSO_(4)^(-)` Step 2 : The electrophile `NO_(2)^(+)` attacks the the benzene ring to form a carbocation which is resonance stabilized.  Step 3: Loss of a proton to give nitrobenzene. The proton is removed by `HSO_(4)^(-)`. 
|
|