1.

Explain the method of preparation of soap.

Answer»

The mixture of fats and sodium hydroxide are allowed to boil in the kettle using the steam within the kettle. After boiling, the mass thickness as the fat reacts with the sodium hydroxide producing soap and glycerin. Salt is added to separate soap from glycerin. The soap forms its layer at the top and the glycerin settles at the bottom the glycerin is taken out from the bottom of the kettle. Soap is taken off from the top the soap is then cooled. 

Oil/Fat + Sodium hydroxide → Soap + glycerol.



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