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Explain the preparation of the following compounds (i) DDT (ii) Chloroform (iii) Biphenyl (iv) Chloropicrin (v) Freon-12. |
Answer» Solution :(i) DDT: DDT can be prepared by heating a mixture of chlorobenzene with chloral (Trichloro acetaldehyde) in the presence of con. `H_(2)SO_(4)`.  (ii) Chloroform: The reaction of methane with excess of CHLORINE in the presence of SUNLIGHT will give carbon tetrachloride as the major product. `underset("Methane")(CH_(4)+4Cl_(2)) overset(h GAMMA)to +underset("Carbon tetrachloride")(4HC l)`. (iii) Biphenyl: `underset("Chlorobenzene")(C_(6)H_(5)Cl+2Na)+Cl-C_(6)H_(5) underset(DELTA)overset("Ether")to underset("Biphenyl")(C_(6)H_(5)-C_(6)H_(5))+2NaCl` (iv) Chloropicrin: Chloroform REACTS with nitric acid to form chloropicrin. (Trichloro nitro methane) `underset("Chloroform")(CHCl_(3))+HNO_(3) overset(Delta) to underset("Chloroform")(C Cl_(3)NO_(2))+H_(2)O` (v) Freon-12: Freon-12 is prepared by the action of hydrogen fluoride on carbon tetrachloride in the presenc eof catalylic amount of antimony pentachloride. this is called swartz reaction. `underset("Carbon tetrachloride")(C Cl_(4))+2HF overset(SbCl_(5))to underset("Freon-12")(2HCl)+C Cl_(2)F_(2)`. |
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