An Introduction of Bhimrao Ambedkar:

Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was born at Mhow cantonment in Madhya Pradesh on April 14, 1891. He was deeply influenced by the thoughts of Gautama Buddha, Saint Kabir and Mahatma Jyotiba Phule,etc. He passed his high school examination in 1907 from Elphinston High School, Bombay and B.A. examination in 1912, from the same Elphinston College.

During his study period, he got ₹ 25 per month as scholarship from Maharaja of Baroda, Sayaji Rao Gayekwad. He was given a scholarship for higher education in America. The diligent and intelligent young man Ambedkar got his M.A. degree from Columbia University in 1915, Pn.D. degree from London in 1917, M.Sc. degree from London in 1922 and law graduation and D.C.C. in 1923. In this way, Dr. Bhimrao Ambekar was the most highly educated leader during national independence movement. Dr Ambedkar’s concepts are still greatly relevant in present time.

His concepts are given in the following points: 

1. Opposition to Untouchability:

Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar belonged to Mahar caste, ,which was considered untouchable in those days. He was discriminated against due to his caste. He felt that the inhuman customs like untouchability and inequality were social evils that had divided the society into fragments and so they were a curse for the nation. Due to these social and religious evils, a large group of population was unable to get the opportunity of progress and development. Being disappointed by all this he started a movement for the upliftment of the daligts.

2. Education: 

Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar considered that a society can progress only through proper education. So, he gave the slogan, “Be literate, be united and then struggle”. His thoughts on education are relevant even today. He considered that it is education which opens the doors of success. These days, the Government as well as other social institutions are trying hard to spread the light of education all over India. 

3. Support to inter – caste marriage: 

Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar supported inter-caste marriage. He considered that intercaste marriage is a medium of mixing the blood of different groups. Today, the government is also promoting inter-caste marriages. An incentive is provided to the parties involved in inter-caste marriage by the government.

4. Opposition to Communal-ism and Evangelists:

Dr. Ambedkar always opposed communism and evangelists. He opposed the demand of separating sindh from Bombay made by the Muslim League before the Simon commission in 1928. In his famous book – “Pakistan and the Partition of India”, he practically suggested the exchange of population between two new nations regarding unity of India, communal peace, economic development and security of border. He was very unhappy on the incidents of state – sponsored conversion of schedule castes in Pakistan.

5. Lover of Indian Culture:

Dr. Ambedkar had great affection for India and its culture. He considered Sanskrit language as a root source of Indian knowledge, philosophy and culture. He wanted to make Hindi the national language for the unity and integrity of India. On the basis of Vedic literature, he proved that Aryans were the natives of India and the Shudras were the scholars of Vedas, and they practiced thread ceremony and were rulers too. He further said that if we love our country and our culture, then it is our duty to accept Hindi as our national language.

6. Emphasis on the importance of state and democracy:

Dr. Ambedkar considered democracy as a medium of social and economic revolutionary change. He acknowledged the importance of freedom of individual, but opposed his selflessness. He disapproved of the totalitarian nature of dividing mankind. He was of the opinion that the state must be for public welfare and its role of governance should moderate. The single and only objective of a state must be to provide social justice to all and to make its people prosperous.

7. Supporter of Parliamentary System:

Dr. Ambedkar supported the Parliamentary System in India and considered it in favor of India. The unitary ruling system is most suitable for the unity and integrity of this country. There should be a control of legislature over the executive so that if might not avoid the directions and directives of state policy as laid down in the constitution of India. There should be a balance and adjustment among all departments of Government, so that they might be free, and have control over each other at the same time. The interest of minorities must not be compromised. In parliamentary democracy, party – based democracy should be promoted instead of specific individual.

8. Adult franchise or Voting: 

To establish a responsible government in the country, every adult must have the right to vote without any discrimination. The government has adopted this policy, so even a backward class adult could get the right to vote, and they could become an important link in the chain of democracy. 

9. Opposition to the Alliance of Communism and Islamic countries:

Dr. Bhimrao described communism as a danger for democratic countries. China, being a communist, can attack India any moment. His forecast was proved correct in 1962, when China attacked India suddenly and secretly. On the other hand, Dr, Ambedkar warned India to be aware of the alliance of Islamic countries. The increasing Islamic terrorism at the global level has proved his warning true. 

10. His thoughts about the Constitution:

Dr. Ambedkar was the chairperson of the Drafting Committee in the Constituent Assembly. His speeches and statements in the Constituent Assembly present a wonderful confluence of politics, law, history, economics and philosophy. What he said in his speeches and through his statements, was a valuable treasure for the law experts. He said, during the framing of the constitution, that our constitution must be practical and flexible. It must be capable in ensuring peace and unity during war disasters and other crises. 

11. Opposition to the formation of Language-based States: 

Dr. Ambedkar opposed the formation of states on the basis of language. This, he believed, could take the shape of communal-ism in the long rum. It is therefore necessary, that the government must take wise decisions for national interest and integrity.