Storm conditions out at sea are defined as having sustained winds of speed be 48 knots or 90 km/hr or greater. In India, they are mostly known as cyclones. 

In India, their origin is related to Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea.

Causes of their occurrence: Sea storms are like giant engines that use warm moist air as fuel. That is why, they form only over warm ocean waters near the equator. The warm moist air over the ocean rises upwards from near the surface. Because this air moves up and away from the surface, there is less air left near the surface.

The occurrence of sea storms is mainly due to the conjunction of different type of air masses. Some scholars consider that their occurrence is due to the process of convection, often, the process of the change in the conditions of atmospheric pressure is held responsible for their occurrence.

Types of Sea Storm: 

On the basis of air masses, sea storms are divided into two parts: 

1. Tropical cyclones 

2. Temperate cyclones.

In India, tropical cyclones arise in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea, while temperate cyclones arise in the Indian Ocean.

Physical form of Sea Storms: Sea storms are the center of least atmosphere pressure in which winds blow from outside towards the center. They have maximum speed in the oceanic region, but when they enter into the land, their speed is reduced. The greater the strength of the center of low air pressure, the greater distance they cover or they are violent.

The Effects and Problems which arise: In India, these storms arise in the months of June, July and August in the Arabian Sea and in the month of December in the Bay of Bengal. These storms affect the states of Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal, Due to these storms, there is immense loss of life and property, floods occur, trees get uprooted, buildings collapse, the boats are turned down and many other problems occur.

Sea storm management: The sea storms cannot be stopped, so safety and rescue is the only remedy. To avoid their intensity, their pre – information should be broadcast and published, so that the public may become aware and stay protected. Individual honesty and dedication is very important and helpful to avoid their intensity. The government and social organisations should take rapid and effective steps to reduce their intensity.