1.

Explain the three problems faced by the Indian cotton weavers by the turn of the nineteenth century

Answer»

ee problems faced by weavers by the TURN of the 19th century were :(i) Decline in export market : By 1860s insufficient supply of raw cotton of good qualityaffected the Indian weavers. Due to the American civil war, the supply of raw cotton fromUSA had stopped. Britain turned to India for new cotton export. This resulted in price riseand the Indian weavers suffered. In the beginning of the 19th century, there was a sharpdecline in Indian export of cotton piece exports. In 1811-12, 33% of exports were madein price GOODS. In 1850-51, it was no more than 3%.(ii) The British started dumping mill-made and machine-made British goods in India. Britishexports to India for textile goods increased from 31% to over 50% in the 1870s. The localmarkets COLLAPSED as they were glutted with Manchester imports. Machine-made goodswere sold at lower prices and Indian weavers could not compete with them.(iii) Another problem cropped up for weavers. At the end of the 19th century, India startedproducing cotton textiles in factories and punished and the weavers for delays in supply,OFTEN beating and flogging them. The weavers lost the power to bargain for prices and sellto different buyers. The Company paid them a miserably low price. The loans tied themto the Company. It led to deserted villages and migration to other cities.



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