Explain the trends in atomic radii of d-block elements

1.	Explain the trends in atomic radii of d-block elements
Answer» 1. The atomic or ionic radii of 3-d series transition elements are smaller than those of representative elements, with the same oxidation states. 2. For the same oxidation state, there is an increase in nuclear charge and a gradual decrease in ionic radii of 3dseries elements is observed. Thus ionic radii of ions with oxidation state + 2 decreases with increase in atomic number. 3. There is slight increase is observed in Zn²⁺ ions. With the higher oxidation states, effective nuclear charge increases. Therefore ionic radii decrease with increase in oxidation state of the same element. For example, Fe²⁺ ion has ionic radius 77 pm whereas Fe³⁺ has 65 pm.

Answer»

1. The atomic or ionic radii of 3-d series transition elements are smaller than those of representative elements, with the same oxidation states.

2. For the same oxidation state, there is an increase in nuclear charge and a gradual decrease in ionic radii of 3dseries elements is observed. Thus ionic radii of ions with oxidation state + 2 decreases with increase in atomic number.

3. There is slight increase is observed in Zn²⁺ ions. With the higher oxidation states, effective nuclear charge increases. Therefore ionic radii decrease with increase in oxidation state of the same element.

For example,

Fe²⁺ ion has ionic radius 77 pm whereas Fe³⁺ has 65 pm.

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