The following welfare programmes are implemented for the up lift ment of tribal.

1. Economic Programmes: The amount allocated for the tribal welfare schemes in different plans go to prove that tribal development is one of the priorities. The amount allocated in the fifth plan was Rs. 1100 crore and it was Rs. 5535 crore and Rs. 10.500 crore in the sixth plan (1980- 85) and seventh plan (1985-90) respectively.x..

a. The 20-point Programme: The 20- Point Programme too focused attention on the development of Scheduled Tribes. Economic assistance was lent to tribal families to move above the poverty line.

b. Establishment of LAMPS and TRIFED: To relieve the tribals of the ‘ bonded labour system, the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act. 1976 was passed. That apart, to loosen the grip of the moneylenders and the middlemen on the tribals, the government organized ‘Large Area Multi-Purpose Societies’ (Lamps). These were intended to provide adequate credit facilities for productive purposes.

These were the Co-operative societies helping tribals in selling their agricultural and minor forest produce and providing them with improved varieties of seeds, manure, -insecticides, agricultural implements, etc. For . marketing the tribal produce, the ‘Tribal Co-operative Marketing Development Federation of India” (TRIFED) has been set up. It works to eliminate exploitation of tribals and realization of better prices.

c. Assistance to Agriculture: Tribal cultivation is uneconomic and also unscientific. They are being persuaded to take up scientific agriculture. Agricultural implements, manure, seeds and loan facilities are being provided and tribals are also given land rights.

2. Educational Programmes: They are also provided with free hostels, faculties such as free tuition, stipends, scholarships, mid-day meals, text-books, etc. ‘Ashrama Schools’ with lands attached to them and ‘Technical Schools’ have come up in tribal areas. They are also given training free of cost in poultry, forestry, animal husbandry, apiculture, etc.

Tribal-students taking competitive examinations are given preexamination coaching free of cost. There are pre examination training centers and coaching- cum-guidance centers exclusively meant for students of Scheduled Tribes. National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) and Central Institute of Indian languages – Mysore have already prepared teaching module for more than 60 tribal dialects to popularize education among the tribals.

3. Research Programmes: For the study of tribals in a scientific way, Tribal Research centres have been set up. There are at present 11 such centres in India. To coordinate their activates, a 30 member ‘Central Research Advisory Council’ has also been set up. The council provides guidance on policy formulation.

4. Health, Housing, and other Schemes: Under various schemes, houses and sites have been given to the tribals. There are a number of voluntary organizations working for the welfare of tribals. For instance, Dr. H. Sudarshan’s Vivekananda Girijana Kendra and Karuna Trust has done commendable work in the upliftment of Soligas, a tribal community inhabiting Biligiri Ranga Hills in Chamarajnagar district of Karnataka. They are helping in Education, Health, and Empowerment of Soligas.