Explain tropospheric pollution spaced by oxides of nitrogen.

1.	Explain tropospheric pollution spaced by oxides of nitrogen.
Answer» Solution :Dinitrogen and DIOXYGEN are the main constituents of air. These gases do not react with each other at a normal temperature. At high altitudes when lightning strikes, they combine to form oxides of nitrogen `NO_2` is oxidised to nitrate ion, `NO_3^-` which is washed into soil, where it serves as a fertilizer. In an automobile engine, (at high temperature) when fossil fuel is burnt, dinitrogen and dioxygen combine to yield significant quantities of nitric OXIDE (NO) and nitrogen dioxide `(NO_2)` as given below : `N_(2(g)) + O_(2(g)) overset(1483 K)to 2NO_((g))` No REACTS instantly with oxygen to give `NO_2`. `2NO_((g)) + O_(2(g)) to 2NO_(2(g))` Rate of production of `NO_2` is FASTER when nitric oxide reacts with ozone in the stratosphere. `NO_((g)) + O_(3(g)) to NO_(2(g)) + O_(2(g))` The irritant red haze in the traffic and congested places is due to oxides of nitrogen. Higher concentrations of `NO_2` damage the leaves of plants and retard the rate of photosynthesis. `NO_2` is a lung irritant that can lead to an acute respiratory disease in children. It is toxic to living tissues also. Nitrogen dioxide is also harmful to various textile fibres and metals.

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