Two Main Methods of Training: 

1. On-the-Job Training (OJT): Under this method, employees are assigned a specific job and they learn by performing the job in the actual work situation. Therefore, it is also known as ‘learning by doing’. The employee learns work methods and job operations under the supervision of the supervisor or a senior employee. The employee works according to his orders and instructions and performs job activities as per his advice. It is step-by-step learning and the worker contributes towards production in . the course of learning. 

2. Off-the-job Training: Under this method of training, trainee is separated from the job situation and his attention is focused upon learning the material related to his future job performance. Since the trainee is not distracted by job requirements, he can place his entire concentration on learning the job rather than spending his time in performing it. It is an opportunity for freedom of expression for the trainees. Off-the-job training can be given in the following ways-lecture method, conference or discussion, programmed instruction and role playing.