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Explainthe structureof benzene |
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Answer» Solution :1. Molecular formula: Elementalanalysis and molecularweightdeterminationhaveprovedthat themolecularformulaof benzene`C_(6) H_(6)`.Thisindicatesthat benzeneis ahighlyunsasturatedcompound. 2.straight chainstrucure is not possible: Benzene could beconstructedas a straightchain but itnot feasiblesince it does not shown thepropertiesofalkenes ore alkynes . forexample it does not decolorisethe brominewaterin `C CI_(4)` 3. Evidence of cyclicstructure :in theprosenceNickel benzenereactswith hydrogenmolecutewith threedoublebond.  4. Resonance descriptionof benzene :the phenomenonin whichor morecan bewritenforhybrinof variouspoststructureand structure(III)is theresonancehybrinof structureI and II  6. Molecularorbitalstructure : (i)Benzeneis a flathyxagonalmolecule withall carbons`sp^(2)`hybrinorbitalof carbonoverlapwith eachotherand withs- orbitalsof sixhydrogenatomsformingsixsigma`(alpha) C-H`bondsand sixsigma`(alpha) c-c`BONDS  (ii) All the`alpha`-bondsin benzeneliesin oneplanewithbondangleof `120^(@)` Eachc-atomin benzenepossesandunhybridisedp- orbitalcontainingoneelectronThelateralovertalyc-atomsand aresaidto bedelocalisedDueto thisdelocalisationstrong `PI-`bondisformedwhichmakesthe moleculestable  7.Representationof benzene: Hencethereare threewaysis whichbenzenecan berepresented  |
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