Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk and scientist. He experimented with pea plants for a VARIETY of reasons. They were known to produce hybrid plants. There were also a number of true-breeding varieties that had a number of obviously contrasting traits. Pea plants have a short life cycle, and can either self-fertilize or be cross-fertilized. Mendel crossed pea plants that had 2 possible alleles for seed color.Experiment: YELLOW seed color dominates over green. A) What type of offspring will be produced if a pure YELLOW seed color pea plant is crossed with a pure green color pea plant? B) What kind of seeds will be produced in the next generation?A) Pure YELLOW seeds X Pure green seeds - Parent (P) generation YY Genotype yy Y Y forms gametes y y Create a Punnett Square to predict the possible offspring that COULD result from the different combinations of gametes. Write all possible gametes from one plant along the top of the square. Write all possible gametes from the other plant along the side of the square. Y Y y Yy Yy y Yy Yy This is the first FILIAL (F1) generation. All the pea plants will have YELLOW seeds. The PHENOTYPE IS 100% YELLOW.All the seeds are also hybrid. The GENOTYPE is 100% HETEROZYGOUS.If two of these hybrids are now crossed, a second filial or F2 generation can be produced.B) Hybrid YELLOW seeds X Hybrid YELLOW seeds - F1 generation Yy Genotype Yy Y y forms gametes Y y Y yY YY Yyy Yy yyThere are 2 phenotypes. 75% of seeds will be YELLOW. 25% of seeds will be green. This is a 3:1 phenotypic RATIO.There are 3 genotypes produced. 25% of seeds are homozygous YELLOW, 50% are heterozygous, and 25% are homozygous green. This is a 1:2:1 genotypic ratio