➝ There are three types of rocks. The are :-

• Igneous rocks :- These rocks are formed after the volcanic eruption lava cames on the Earth & cools down to form an igneous rocks. They are also known as primary rock. They are having a crystalline structure. Eg. Basalt and rhyolite.

• Sedimentary rocks :- The breakdown of the igneous rocks by the action of nature such as wind, river ,see waves etc. They are found on river beds and valleys. Eg. sandstone, gravel etc.

• Metamorphic Rocks :- They are formed by compression deep inside the earth by external PRESSURE. Rocks formed LOOKS like the wave pattern on it. It is created by high pressure. It made inside earth surface at deapth. Eg. Marble, Limestone, graphite etc.

Fig. 1.)

➝ As much cool & good temperature on the exterior of earth the more warm is earth's interior. The temperature increases as the height decreases on earth. The temperature inside earth is approx 5000°C which is at 5998 km depth the origin of the earth's radius.

Earth is made from :-

• The crust :- The exterior layer of earth consisting landform & water bodies. Landform crust is made by ( SIAL ) Silicon & AluminaOcean crust is made up of ( SiMa ) Silicon & Magnesium.

• Mantle :- The 2895 km deep layer consisting Silicon , magnesium , iron etc. on the Earth lithosphere. It consists of viscous material. It makes lithosphere by the plates.

• Core :- It is the centre of earth 5000°C warm Consisting nickel & ferrous & called as (NiFe) . It is fluid in nature having solid behavior.

Fig. 2)

➝ Minerals are the materials found deep inside the earth due to nature of action by Chemical or biological process. The chemical process leads to the minerals like gold ,copper, iron etc. & biological by dead plant and animal like fossil, petroleum They have chemical & biological properties .

➝ The conversation of rock in changing of physical nature in a CYCLIC process known as a rock cycle. The rock forms from magma & lava due to volcanic eruption & forms an igneous rocks, then BREAKS into sedimentary by action of nature then get compressed by new FORMING rock inside the earth & forms metamorphic rock. It give rise to many mineral, fossil & some luxury gems & diamonds due to action of nature.

Fig.) 3

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