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Give Charle.s law in brief. |
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Answer» Solution :Charles. law and Formula : Charles. and Gay LUSSAC performed several experiments on gases independently to imporove upon hot air balloon technology. Simple Gay Lussac.s law : Their investigations SHOWED that for a fixed mass of a gas at constnat pressure, volume of a gas increases on increasing temperature and decreases on cooling. Charles and Gay Lussac they found that - ..for each degree rise in temperature, volume of a gas increases by `(1)/(273.15)` of the original volume `(V_(0))` of the gas at `0^(@)C`. .. Thus, temperature volume `0^(@)C=V_(0)` and temperature volume `t^(@)C=V_(t)` then, `V_(t)=V_(0)+((t)/(273.15))V_(0)` `therefore V_(t)=V_(0)(1+(t)/(273.15)) ""` ......(Eq. -i) `therefore V_(t)=V_(0)((273.15+t)/(273.15)) ""`....(Eq. -ii) But `(273.15+t)""^(@)C=T_(1)k` So, `273.15^(@)C=T_(0)=273.15k` Thus `V_(t)=V_(0)((T_(1))/(T_(0))) ""`....(Eq. -iii) `therefore (V_(t))/(V_(0))=(T_(1))/(T_(0)) ""`....(Eq. -IV) OR`(V_(2))/(V_(1))=(T_(2))/(T_(1)) ""`....(Eq. - v) So, `(V_(2))/(T_(2))=(V_(1))/(T_(1))""`...(Eq. - vi) Thus `(V)/(T=` constant `k_(2) ""` .....(Eq. -vii) `therefore V=k_(2)T ""`.....(Eq. - viii) This (Equation - viii) is the mathermatical expression for Charles. law. Charles. law : He states that pressure remaining constant, the volume of a fixed mass of a gas is directly PROPORTIONAL to its absolute temperature. Characteristics and Graph of Charle.s Law : For all gases, at any given pressure, graph of volume vs remperature (in celsius) is as under.  the graph is a straight line. the graph extending to zero volume. Slopes of lines obtained at different pressure are differnt `(p_(1), p_(2), p_(3),.....)`. Each line intercepts the temperature axis at `- 273.15^(@)C`. But at zero volume all the lines MEET the temperature axis at `- 273.15^(@)C`. All the lines are isobar because pressure is constant. |
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