The Dravidians: They originally belonged to India. They were the direct descendants of Stone Age civilization. They created the Mohenjodaro culture. It is said that the tribe that came to India from the north was later called as Dravidian. They had their own language and culture.

They gave India the concept of mother as a goddess and father as a ‘God’. As a result, the thought of Parvati and Shiva as mother and father developed in India. They gave the tradition of worshipping nature and animals. They also gave the tradition of worshipping using ‘dhup’ (incense stick, ‘deep’ (lamp) and ‘aarti’. The Dravidians also believed in deities. The Aryans accepted these deities of Dravidians as their God and developed their own culture.

Going forward, the Dravidians got highly influenced with the Aryan culture. This resulted in inter-caste marriage between the two tribes. They had matriarchal (i.e. woman as the head) system of family. They made tremendous progress in a variety of crafts and arts like making boats and rafts, weaving, spinning dyeing, etc.

When the dominance of Aryans increased the Dravidians shifted to South India and settled there. The people of South India are considered the Dravidians shifted to south India and settled there. The people of South India are considered Dravidians and they speak Dravidian languages such as Tamil, Telugu Kannada and Malayalam, etc.

The Aryans: The Nordic-Aryans created the Aryan civilization in India. The Hindus were called Aryans in the ancient time. The northwest area where they were densely populated and first found called ‘Aiyavarta’. Seven rivers used to flow in the Aryavarta region and so that region was also known as ‘Sapta Sindhu’. During post-vedic period, the ‘Aryavarta’ reign extended up to Mithila (Bihar) in the east, and up to Vindhyachal in the south.

The Aryans were the most developed of all the tribes. The vast region where the Aryans were spread was known with several names such as Bharatbhumi, Bharatkhand, Bharat Varsha, etc. owing to the name of the king Arya Bharat or Bharat tribe. Aryans were nature lovers. They loved and worshipped trees, rivers, mountains, sun, wind and rain.

They also composed hymns for praying to various natural elements. Due to Aryans, India learnt the practices of performing some specific religious ceremonies like recitation of Vedas, performing yagyas, etc.