Give reasons for the following : (i) "CCl"_(4) is immiscible in water , whereas SiCl_(4) is easily hydrolysed. (ii) Carbons has a strongtendency for catenation comparedto silicon.

Give reasons for the following : (i) "CCl"_(4) is immiscible in water

1.	Give reasons for the following : (i) "CCl"_(4) is immiscible in water , whereas SiCl_(4) is easily hydrolysed. (ii) Carbons has a strongtendency for catenation comparedto silicon.
Answer» Solution :(i) `"CCl"_(4)` isa covalent compoundwhile `H_(2)O`is a polar compound. Thereforeit isinsolublein water alternatively, `"CCl"_(4)`is insolublein water becausecarbon does nothave d-orbitals to accommodatethe electrons DONATED by oxygenatom of watermolecules. As a RESULT, thereis no interactionbetween `"CCl"_(4)` and watermolecules and hence`"CCl"_(4)`is insolublein water. On the otherhand, `SiCl_(4)`has d-orbitalsto accomendatethe lone pair of electronsdonated by oxygen ATOM ofwater molecules. As a result, there is a strong intereaction between `SiCl_(4)` and watermolecules . Consequently, `SiCl_(4)`undergoeshydrolysisby waterto form silicic acid. `"CCl"_(4) +H_(2)O rarr "No reaction", SiCl_(4)+4H_(2)Orarr underset("Silicate acid")(Si(OH)_(4))+4HCl` (ii) The bond dissociation energydecreasesrapidlyas the atomic size increases. Since the atomic size carbon is much smaller (77 pm)as comparedto that of silicon (118 pm), therefore , carbon -carbon bond dissociationenergy ismuch higher`(348 kj mol^(-1))`than than that ofsilicon-siliconbond `(297 kJ mol^(-1))`. Becauseof much STRONGER C-Cbonds as copared to Si-Si bonds, carbon hasa much higher tendencyfor catenation than silicon.