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Give the IUPAC nomenclature of following structures with its proper rule of IUPAC. (a) (CH_(3))_(2)CH-CH_(2)-CH(CH_(2)CH_(3))_(2) (b) CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)CH[CH(CH_(3))_(2)]-CH(CH_(3))-C(CH_(2)-CH_(3))_(3) |
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Answer» Solution :(a) Expand structure of `(CH_(3))_(2)CH-CH_(2)-CH(CH_(2)CH_(3))_(2)` : `{:(""CH_(3)""CH_(2)-CH_(3)),("|""|"),(CH_(3)-CH-CH_(2)-CH-CH_(2)-CH_(3)),("4-ethyl-2-methylhexane"):}` Rule : (i) Long chain is of 6-CARBON atom. (ii) As per English alphanet ethyl substitution is written first than methyl. (iii) Staring from left side carbon giving number-1, substitution has 2 for methyl and 4 for ethyl. (iv) Giving numbering from right side substitution has 3 for ethyl and 5 for methyl. Considering left side numbering, IUPAC NOMENCLATURE is : `{:(""CH_(3)""CH_(2)-CH_(3)),("|""|"),(overset(1)(C)H_(3)-""^(2)CH-overset(3)(CH_(2))-""^(4)CH-overset(5)(C)H_(2)-overset(6)(C)H_(3)):}` (b)Expand structure of `CH_(3) - CH_(2)-CH_(2)CH[CH(CH_(3))_(2)]-CH(CH_(3))-C(CH_(2)-CH_(3))_(3)` :  Rule : (i) Long chain carbon atom is of 8 carbons. (ii) Substitutions are DIETHYL, methyl `(CH_(3))` and isopropyls `(-CH(CH_(3))_(2))`. As per the alphabet, it is written as diethyl, isopropyl methyl octane. (iii) Giving numbering for left side carbon as 1. Substitution has numbering as follows : 6,6-diethyl-4-isopropyl-5-methyl (iv) Giving numbering from light carbon as 1, substitution number is given as follows : 3,3-diethyl-5-isopropyl-4-methyl Numberinggivenfromrightsidecarbon-1andsubstitutionhas leastnumberIUPACnomenclatureandstructureis as follows 
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