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Give the structure of alkene having double bond. |
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Answer» Solution :Carbon-carbon double bond in alkenes consists one one `SIGMA`- bond and other `pi`-bond. `sigma`-bond is formed by over lapping of `sp^(2) - sp^(2)` hybridization. `pi`-bond is formed by ouverlaping of 2p-2p hybridization.  1 Double bond `= (1 sigma + 1 pi "bond")` `(sigma-"bond ethanlpy " = 397 kJ mol^(-1))` `(pi-"bond enthalpy "= 284 kJ mol^(-1))` `sigma` between 2 carbon : (i) Double bond has `1 sigma`-bond between carbon atoms and they has `sp^(2)` hybridization. (ii) Enthalpy of `sigma`-bond is `397 kJ mol^(-1)`. `pi`-bond between 2 carbon : (i) Two carbon atoms has `pi`-bond between them and they has overlapng of 2p orbital. (ii) Weak `pi` bond has enthalpy is `284 kJ mol^(-1)`. As `pi` is weaker bond, therefore alkene has more reactiving than that of alkane. In alkane, carbon-carbon bond length is (134 PM) shorter than C-C SINGLE bond is (154 pm). Therefore double bond is more stronger than single bond. |
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