1.

 How did colonial acts affect the lives of pastoralists?

Answer»

(1) It led to a serious shortage of pastures. When grazing lands were taken over and turned into cultivated fields, the available area of pastureland declined. 

(2) The reservation of forests meant that shepherds and cattle herders could no longer freely pasture their cattle in the forests. 

(3) This led to continuous intensive grazing of these pastures. 

(4) When restrictions were imposed on pastoral movements, grazing lands came to be continuously used and the quality of pastures declined. 

(5) This in turn created a further shortage of forage for animals and the deterioration of animal stock. 



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